Difference between Test Cases and Test Scripts

Test Case:- Test case is a set of conditions under which a tester will determine if a requirement of an application is satisfied or not.

Test script:- Test script is the code generated by testing tools (which can be edit manually). It defines the actions and pass/fail criteria (Check Points).

What is Be Bugging?

In simple words, "Be bugging" is the process of adding known defects to the application by seeding.
Or
The process of intentionally adding known defects to those already in the component or system for the purpose of monitoring the rate of detection and removal, and estimating the number of remaining defects.
Or
If the Project management add some known defects in order to estimate the efficiency of tester, then it is called Be bugging or Defect Seeding or Defect Feeding.

What is Test Harness?

In software testing a test harness or automated test framework is a collection of software and test data configured to test a program unit by running it under varying conditions and monitoring its behavior and outputs.

It has two main parts: the Test execution engine and the Test script repository.
The typical objectives of a test harness are to:
(i) Automate the testing process.
(ii) Execute test suites of test cases.
(iii) Generate associated test reports.

A test harness may provide some of the following benefits:
1) Increased productivity due to automation of the testing process.
2) Increased probability that regression testing will occur.
3) Increased quality of software components and application.

What should a test harness include?
Test harnesses should include the following capabilities:
i) A standard way to specify setup (i.e., creating an artificial runtime environment) and cleanup.
ii) A method for selecting individual tests to run, or all tests.
iii) A means of analyzing output for expected (or unexpected) results.
iv) A standardized form of failure reporting.

Difference between HTTP and HTTPS.

HTTP
(i) It stand for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol.
(ii) It is a application level Protocol for distributed, Collaborative, hypermedia information systems. It also called as Stateless Protocol.
(iii) It can be used by the Web server to transmit the HTML documents over the Internet. and also used to handle the web application through the Internet.
(iv) You can use HTTP when you are browsing the web.
(v) The default TCP port no of an HTTP is 40.
(vi) HTTP is normally used in every web pages.

HTTPS
(i) It stand for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol for Secure Socket Layer.
(ii) It is a Web Protocol used by the Browsers and the Web Server to encrypt and decrypt user page requests and the pages return by the server.
(iii) It is used to enable secure E-commerce Tractions.
(iv)You can use HTTPS when you are interact with a encryption for commercial exchange or any type of secure tractions.
(v) The default TCP port no of an HTTPS is 443.
(vi) HTTPS is normally used in login pages, shopping/commercial sites.

Test Design Techniques

What is a Testing Technique?
A testing technique is a thought process that helps us select a good set of tests from the total number of all possible tests for a given system. Each technique provides a set of rules or guidelines for the tester to follow in identifying test conditions and test cases.

In simply, a testing technique is a means of identifying good tests i.e. a good test case is four things: -
(i) Effective - has potential to find faults;
(ii) Exemplary- represents other test cases;
(iii) Resolvable - easy to maintain;
(iv) Economic - doesn’t cost much to use;

Terms related to Test Design Techniques:-

1. What is Test Design?
During test design the test cases and test data are created and specified.
Test Case:- A test case consists of a set of input values, execution preconditions, expected results and execution post-conditions, developed to cover certain test condition(s).
The purpose of a test design technique is to identify test conditions and test cases.

2. What is Test Analysis?
In the Test analysis, the test basis documentation is analyzed in order to determine what to test, i.e. to identify the test conditions.

3. What is Test Condition?
A test condition is defined as an item or event that could be verified by one or more test cases (e.g. a function, transaction, quality characteristic or structural element).

Difference between Equivalence Partioning and Boundary Value Analysis.

Equivalence Partioning:-
i) Equivalence Partition determines the number of test cases to be generated for a given scenario.
ii) It has to be supplemented by Boundary Value Analysis.
iii) Equivalence Partitioning is a black box testing technique with the following goal:
1.To reduces the number of test cases to a necessary minimum.
2. To select the right test cases to cover all possible scenarios.
iv) Equivalence Partition is nothing but to check the valid and invalid data of the field.

Boundary Value Analysis:-
i) Boundary value analysis will determine the effectiveness of those generated test cases.
ii) This has to be done by applying the equivalence partitioning technique.
iii) Boundary value analysis only check the boundary values and "+" or "-" of that values.
iv) Boundary value analysis is nothing but to check the max and min length of the field.

What is Driver and Stub?

Driver:-
(i) Driver : It is a temporary Calling program.It functions similarly like main module for calling the sub modules.
(ii) Drivers are dummy lines of code, Used in Bottomup Approach, calling programs.

Stub:-
(i) Stub : It is a temporary called program.It functions similarly like sub modules when called by the main module.
(ii) Stubs are dummy windows, Used in Topdown Approach, called programs.